Category: Ruby On Rails

Download the fedora live CD from fedora website

Download Fedora live CD from Fedora Project Website. Install it in your machine.
After the installation goto Applications and search for ‘install to hard disk’ option. Install by chosing the custom option.
* When you try to install using yum and got an error like ‘your username is not in the sudoers file. This incident will be reported’ Then

Edit the sudoers file
To edit it, use the command

gedit /etc/sudoers then if it again shows ‘can’t open the file. You do not have the permissions necessary to open the file’ then

Log in as root (terminal) and type the following:

To get into root type $ su –
password:

then add your username to sudoers file:

$ echo ‘prescience-toshiba ALL=(ALL) ALL’ >> /etc/sudoers

Install RVM and Rails

First Install curl

$ sudo yum install curl

Install git

$ sudo yum install git-core

Install gcc

$ sudo yum install gcc

Install the following dependancies

$ sudo yum install readline-devel.i686
$ sudo yum install zlib
$ sudo yum install sqlite-devel
$ sudo yum install ruby-devel

Then Install RVM

$ bash < <(curl -s https://raw.github.com/wayneeseguin/rvm/master/binscripts/rvm-installer )

Add the following line to your .bash_profile file

[[ -s "/home/prescience-toshiba/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && source "/home/prescience-toshiba/.rvm/scripts/rvm" # This loads RVM into a shell session

replace 'prescience-toshiba' with your username

For ruby 1.9.2 we want the packages it lists under the MRI & ree section. Let’s install those now.

$ sudo yum install bison openssl curl git-core libssl-dev vim libxml2-dev git-core subversion autoconf

Then type
$ rvm list known

Then install ruby 1.9.2

$ rvm install 1.9.2

Type
$ rvm list rubies

You can see ruby versions.

To list default ruby

$ rvm list default

You can change it by
$ rvm –default ruby-1.9.2-p290

Create Gemsets

$ rvm gemset create rails31
$ rvm gemset create rails31rc

$ rvm list gemsets

As a best practice, remember to always use one gemset per project*.
Installing Rails

Select the gemset for Rails 3.1
$ rvm use 1.9.2-p290@rails31rc

for default $ rvm use ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails31rc –default

Installing Rails 3.1

$ gem install rails -v “>=3.1.0.rc4”

If you get an error like

ERROR: Loading command: install (LoadError)
no such file to load — zlib
ERROR: While executing gem … (NameError)
uninitialized constant Gem::Commands::InstallCommand

then install zlib

$ rvm pkg install zlib

then

$ rvm remove 1.9.2
$ rvm install 1.9.2

If the error shows again do

$ sudo yum install zlib zlib-devel

then again do the following

$ rvm remove 1.9.2
$ rvm install 1.9.2

Install Mysql

$ sudo yum -y install mysql-server

See Mysql is running or not
$ sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql
If Yes then you can see like

tcp        0      0 localhost:mysql         *:*                     LISTEN      2556/mysqld

Also install mysql-devel
$ sudo yum install mysql-devel

Start Mysql

$ sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following command:

$ sudo /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘new-password’

$ mysql -u root -p
password:

mysql>

Possible errors while doing bundle install and its solutions

1)
checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()… yes
checking for mysql.h… no
checking for mysql/mysql.h… no

—–
mysql.h is missing. please check your installation of mysql and try again.

Install mysql-dev
$ sudo yum install mysql-devel

2)
Installing nokogiri (1.5.0) with native extensions
Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

/home/prescience-toshiba/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for libxml/parser.h… no
—–
libxml2 is missing. please visit http://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokogiri.html for help with installing dependencies.
—–
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Install the following

$ sudo yum install libxml2-devel libxslt-devel

UPDATE: In Rails 4.2.5 (Ubuntu 14.04), I got the following similar error

Fetching: nokogiri-1.6.7.2.gem (100%)                                                           
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...                                         
ERROR:  Error installing rails:                                                                 
        ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.                                            
                                                                                                
    current directory: /home/vagrant/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.7.2/ext/nokogiri    
/home/vagrant/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20160311-22083-xt47t1.rb extconf.rb  
checking if the C compiler accepts ... *** extconf.rb failed ***                                
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary                        

Solving this install the following package
$ sudo apt-get install libgmp-dev
3)
Installing therubyracer (0.9.8) with native extensions
Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

/home/prescience-toshiba/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/bin/ruby extconf.rb
creating Makefile

make
g++ -I. -I/home/prescience-toshiba/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails31rc/gems/libv8-3.3.10.2-x86-linux/lib/libv8/v8/include -I/home/prescience-toshiba/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/include/ruby-1.9.1/i686-linux -I/home/prescience-toshiba/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/include/ruby-1.9.1/ruby/backward -I/home/prescience-toshiba/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/include/ruby-1.9.1 -I. -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -Wall -g -rdynamic -fPIC -O3 -ggdb -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-long-long -fPIC -o v8_date.o -c v8_date.cpp
make: g++: Command not found
make: *** [v8_date.o] Error 127

Install package ‘gcc-c++’ to provide command ‘c++’? [N/y]

$ sudo yum install gcc-c++

Possible errors while using rake command and its solutions

1)
/home/prescience-toshiba/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails31rc/gems/rack-1.3.4/lib/rack/backports/uri/common_192.rb:53: warning: already initialized constant WFKV_
rake aborted!
no such file to load — openssl

2) If you get sprockets error like undefined method static_root
then upgrde your rails to 3.1.0.rc08

3) Started GET “/” for 127.0.0.1 at 2011-10-18 17:47:18 +0530 Mysql2::Error (Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock’ (2)):

Then make sure that your system have /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock file exists. do $ ll /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock This will show the details. In my system the mysql.sock is in ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock’ So create a link to /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock from /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock $ sudo ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

$ sudo yum groupinstall development-tools development-libs
$ rvm remove 1.9.2
$ rvm cleanup all
$ rvm install 1.9.2
$ rvm use 1.9.2 –default

Install sphinx

let’s first search for the package

$ yum search sphinx

$ wget http://sphinxsearch.com/files/sphinx-0.9.9.tar.gz

$ ./configure
$ make
$ sudo make install

If shows Error like:

ERROR: cannot find MySQL include files.

Check that you do have MySQL include files installed.
The package name is typically 'mysql-devel'.

If include files are installed on your system, but you are still getting
this message, you should do one of the following:

Then You need to install mysql-devel in fedora
$ sudo apt-get install mysql-devel
OR in Ubuntu
$ $ sudo aptitude install libmysqlclient15-dev

Type
$ search
to see sphinx is installed

how to start mysql at boot time

$ cd /etc/rc.d/rc3.d
$ ln -s /etc/init.d/mysql S98mysql

How does it work? /etc/rc.d/init.d contains scripts to start and stop services on your computer. By creating a symlink to mysql startup script in /etc/rc.d/rc3.d you’re telling your system to run it during runlevel 3 startup, which is your regular login. You can also start and stop your services manually using files in /etc/init.d directly, for example:

$ /etc/init.d/mysql start
$ /etc/init.d/mysql stop

parsing html is easy using Nokogiri, to do follow the steps

Step 1 : Open the terminal and go to your rails application folder.

• $ cd yourRailsApp
  add  the following line to your Gemfile
  gem  ‘nokogiri’
  First install the dependencies

  $  sudo apt-get install libxml2 libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev
  

  For Fedora do

  $ sudo yum install libxml2-devel libxslt-devel
  

  For CentOS:

  $ sudo yum install -y gcc ruby-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel
  

  do bundle install
  /yourRailsApp $ bundle install
  Your nokogiri installation is completed. Parsing HTML documents look like
  doc = Nokogiri::HTML(html_document) and parsing XML documents look like
  doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml_document)
  Nokogiri converts HTML and XML documents into a tree data structure. Nokogiri extracts data using this tree. Xpath and CSS are small languages used for tree traversal. Xpath is a language that was written to traverse an XML tree struture, but we can use it with HTML tree as well.

Lets try an example take the folowing html code

Step 2 : In views/form.erb add

• Add a text field in your form
  <%= text_field_tag(“my[url]”, @user.url) %> and enter the sample code in this text field.

Step 3 : In controller add

• @user.url = params[“my”][“url”]
  call the function
  @user.get_value_from_url
  write the function in the model
  def get_value_from_url
  node = Nokogiri::XML(self.url)
  node.xpath(‘//param[@name=”pic”]’).each do |node|
  @result = node.attribute(“value”).to_s
  end
  @result
  end

Then you get the value : “http://www.my_site.com/v/xedFamzsaaxo7hc0?fs=1&amp;hl=en_US&#8221; in the result. Look its so easy to use nokogiri. Its Wonderful !!

You can also view Aaron Patterson’s (creator of Nokogiri) blog from here.

I am using ruby 1.9.2 and rails 3. I think Wicked pdf is better than other rails pdf generation plugins. To start with wicked follow the steps :

Step 1: Open the terminal and go to your rails application folder.

• $ cd /home/MyApp
  Install wkhtmltopdf first .Open gem file, and add the line
  gem ‘wkhtmltopdf’
  $ bundle install
  Wicked pdf is using the wkhtmltopdf to create a pdf document from a rails html template.
  With wicked pdf we can, 
  1. Define documents structure through a simple html document.
  2. Theme them through CSS

  Just Download the static complied version from wkhtmltopdf home page. Extract it and place it under /usr/local/bin.
  Note : If your system is 64-bit download the 64Bit version. Else you get error, Something like ‘Exec Error’,’Executable format error’, etc.

Step 2: Install wicked pdf plugin

• $ rails plugin install git://github.com/mileszs/wicked_pdf.git
  now a configuration file is needed, we can use plugins generator script for it . But in rails 3 it will not work. Just copy the wicked_pdf.rb to initializers.
  $ cp vendor/plugins/wicked_pdf/lib/wicked_pdf.rb config/initializers
  and add the following to the config/initializers/wicked_pdf.rb
  WICKED_PDF = {
  :exe_path => ‘/usr/local/bin’
  }

Step 3:Add pdf instructions to your controller.

• In my rails app I created an action index_pdf. Under the action put the following line.
  def index_pdf
  render :pdf => “my_pdf”,:layout => false,:template => ‘/users/index_pdf’,:footer => {:center =>
  “Center”, :left => “Left”, :right => “Right”}
  end
  The render :pdf call has a lot of options. you can use these.

Step 4: Create a view file in app/view/index_pdf.erb

• Put the link in your app, in your home page or somewhere.
  <%= link_to ‘Create PDF document’, index_pdf_path(@user, :format => :pdf) %>
  the index_pdf_path is the path I mentioned in the route.rb file,
  match “/download_pdf(.:format)” => “users#index_pdf”, :method => :get, :as=>:index_pdf
  When all are set click the link to download the pdf.

• Include image in Wicked pdf

  write a function in application helper to take your images in wicked pdf.
  def pdf_image_tag(image, options = {})
  options[:src] = File.expand_path(RAILS_ROOT) + ‘/public/images’ + image
  tag(:img, options)
  end
  Add your image in public/images.
  Write the following code in view  <%= pdf_image_tag(‘photo.png’, :style=>”margin:0px;padding:0px”,

  :width=>”160″, :height=>”160″)%>

Its ‘wicked!!’ isn’t it?

Set up Ruby on Rails from http://rubyonrails.org/download. Make a directory ‘my_rails’ in your home folder for rails applications.
$ cd my_rails

create your application as following
$ rails new student_db
$ cd student_db
For including gems, you need to update the Gemfile, that resides in your application folder. Open the ‘Gemfile’ and update.

Gemfile :
source ‘http://rubygems.org&#8217;
gem ‘rails’, ‘3.0.0’
gem ‘sqlite3-ruby’, ‘1.2.5’, :require => ‘sqlite3’

Specify the version number for sqlite3.    This is for avoiding confusion while installing the gems.

Install gems
$ bundle install

Now you are ready to generate the student model. Use scaffold generator.

Migrate the database using rake.

$ rake db:migrate

Now run the server.

$ rails s

open the browser and go to http://localhost:3000/student

To see this application visit,
Student_data_base

Sign up using e-mail and a password.
http://heroku.com/
Then Heroku asks to check our mail and continue. Install git. Then Install heroku gem.

$ gem install heroku
Create SSH keys and tell Heroku the public key by
$ heroku keys:add
Create a new application in Heroku
$ heroku create
Then Heroku creates a random sub domain for our application. We can change it as we like. Then deploy the app to Heroku by
$ git push heroku master
Now we can visit our application by using the address.

Heroku provides different plans to deploy the application and for using the database space. Here the plan is Blossom. It is free and can take 5MB database maximum.

Git is a version control system and a very good friend of a developer. Todays all projects are very much depend on git. What’s the use of git? If a programmer develops a project he want to take copies of the progressing project at stage by stage. Using git we can ‘commit’ the project by giving comments like ‘first commit’ , ‘second commit’ etc. When a programmer deletes a file, he can recover the file using git. Git uses a tree structure to hold the data. It has a parent repository called master branch. We can change the branch to another and can process the data. Multiple branches are using when working on a projects with multiple developers. This branch master is unaltered when working on another branch. Download .rpm packages from RPM packages, and .deb packages from Debian Packages